Hi Debug,
I have checked your code and able to get the value also.
HTML
Masterpage
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head runat="server">
    <title></title>
    <asp:ContentPlaceHolder ID="head" runat="server">
    </asp:ContentPlaceHolder>
</head>
<body>
    <form id="form1" runat="server">
    <div>
        <div id="all">
            <div id="content">
                <div class="container">
                    <asp:ContentPlaceHolder ID="ContentPlaceHolder1" runat="server">
                    </asp:ContentPlaceHolder>
                    <div class="col-md-3">
                        <div class="panel panel-default sidebar-menu">
                            <div class="panel-heading">
                                <h3 class="panel-title">
                                    Stay in touch</h3>
                            </div>
                            <div class="panel-body">
                                <div class="" id="details">
                                    <div class="social">
                                        <p>
                                            <a href="https://facebook.com/mash" class="external facebook" data-animate-hover="pulse">
                                                <i class="fa fa-facebook"></i></a><a href="https://twitter.com/mash" class="external twitter"
                                                    data-animate-hover="pulse"><i class="fa fa-twitter"></i></a><a href="https://www.instagram.com/mash"
                                                        class="instagram external" data-animate-hover="pulse"><i class="fa fa-instagram">
                                                        </i></a><a href="https://plus.google.com/mash" class="external gplus" data-animate-hover="pulse">
                                                            <i class="fa fa-google-plus"></i></a><a href="mailto:support@mash.com" class="email"
                                                                data-animate-hover="pulse"><i class="fa fa-envelope"></i></a>
                                            <a href="https://linkedin.com/mash" class="linkedin external" data-animate-hover="pulse">
                                                <i class="fa fa-linkedin-square"></i></a>
                                        </p>
                                    </div>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="banner">
                            <a href="#">
                                <img src="../img/image1.jpg" alt="mash" class="img-responsive" />
                            </a>
                        </div>
                        <div class="banner">
                            <a href="#">
                                <img src="../img/image4.png" alt="mash" class="img-responsive" />
                            </a>
                        </div>
                        <div class="banner">
                            <a href="#">
                                <img src="../img/image3.jpg" alt="mash" class="img-responsive" />
                            </a>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                    <asp:ContentPlaceHolder ID="ContentPlaceHolder2" runat="server">
                    </asp:ContentPlaceHolder>
                </div>
                <!-- /.container -->
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div>
        <!-- *** FOOTER ***-->
        <div id="footer">
            <div class="container">
                <div class="row ">
                    <!-- /.col-md-3 -->
                    <div class="col-md-3 col-sm-6">
                        <h4>
                            User section</h4>
                        <hr />
                        <ul>
                            <li><a href="#" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#login-modal">Login</a> </li>
                            <li><a href="../Register.aspx">Register</a> </li>
                        </ul>
                        <hr class="hidden-md hidden-lg" />
                    </div>
                    <!-- /.col-md-3 -->
                    <div class="col-md-3 col-sm-6">
                        <h4>
                            Where to find us</h4>
                        <hr />
                        <p class="text-muted">
                            Please feel free to write an email to us.</p>
                        <ul>
                            <li><strong><a href="mailto:support@xyz.com">support@xyz.com</a></strong> </li>
                        </ul>
                        <a href="../Contactus.aspx">Go to contact page</a>
                        <hr class="hidden-md hidden-lg" />
                    </div>
                    <!-- /.col-md-3 -->
                    <div class="col-md-3 col-sm-6">
                        <h4>
                            Get the Latest Updates</h4>
                        <hr />
                        <p class="text-muted">
                            EmailID!</p>
                        <div class="input-group">
                            <input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="your email address" id="emailID"
                                name="emailID" value="" />
                            <span class="input-group-btn">
                                <button class="btn btn-primary" id="submit" name="submit" runat="server" onserverclick="submit_click">
                                    <i class=""></i>Subscribe!</button>
                            </span>
                        </div>
                        <!-- /input-group -->
                    </div>
                    <!-- /.col-md-3 -->
                </div>
                <!-- /.row -->
            </div>
            <!-- /.container -->
        </div>
        <!-- /#footer -->
        <!-- *** FOOTER END *** -->
        <!-- *** COPYRIGHT *** -->
        <div id="copyright">
            <div class="container">
                <div class="col-md-6">
                    <p class="pull-left">
                        <a href="http:/Privacypolicy.aspx">Privacy Policy</a></p>
                </div>
                <div class="col-md-6">
                    <p class="pull-right">
                        © 2016 <a href="http://www.xyz.com">www.xyz.com</a> All rights reserved.<a href="#">
                            Designed by : Tang yuni.</a>
                    </p>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
        <!-- *** COPYRIGHT END *** -->
    </div>
    <script src="../js/front.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
    </form>
</body>
</html>
Code
protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
}
protected void submit_click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    string emailid = Request.Form["emailID"];
    Response.Write(emailid);
    //try
    //{
    //    string qry = "sp_emailid";
    //    // TextBox tx = (TextBox)this.Master.FindControl("TextBox1");
    //    string emailid = Request.Form["emailID"];
    //    string date = DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy/MM/dd hh:mm:ss");
    //    con = ConnectionManager.GetDatabaseConnection();
    //    SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(qry, con);
    //    cmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure;
    //    cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@EmailID", emailid);
    //    cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@Date ", date);
    //    cmd.Parameters.Add("@Error", SqlDbType.Char, 500);
    //    cmd.Parameters["@Error"].Direction = ParameterDirection.Output;
    //    cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
    //    message = (string)cmd.Parameters["@Error"].Value;
    //    //Response.Redirect(Request.Url.AbsoluteUri);
    //    string script = "window.onload = function(){ alert('";
    //    script += message;
    //    script += "')};";
    //    Page.ClientScript.RegisterStartupScript(this.GetType(), "SuccessMessage", script, true);
    //}
    //catch (Exception ex)
    //{
    //    string script = "window.onload = function(){ alert('";
    //    script += message;
    //    script += "')};";
    //    Page.ClientScript.RegisterStartupScript(this.GetType(), "FailureMessage", script, true);
    //}
    //finally
    //{
    //    con.Close();
    //}
}
Screenshot
