Hi  nabilabolo,
Check this example. Now please take its reference and correct your code.
Controller
public class HomeController : Controller
{
    // GET: /Home/
    public ActionResult Index()
    {
        return View();
    }
    public JsonResult GetFail()
    {
        string fail = "";
        string conString = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["constr"].ConnectionString;
        string query = "SELECT fail FROM Fail WHERE fail_id = @Id";
        using (SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection(conString))
        {
            SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(query);
            cmd.Connection = con;
            cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@Id", 12);
            con.Open();
            fail = Convert.ToString(cmd.ExecuteScalar());
            con.Close();
        }
        return Json(fail, JsonRequestBehavior.AllowGet);
    }
}
View
<script src="../../Scripts/jquery-1.4.1.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
    $(function () {
        $.ajax({
            type: "POST",
            url: "/Home/GetFail",
            data: {},
            success: function (response) {
                if (response != "") {
                    $('#txtFail').val(response);
                } else {
                    $('#txtFail').val('');
                }
            }
        });
    });
</script>
<%:Html.TextBox("txtFail") %>